Seasonality, richness and prevalence of intestinal parasites of three neotropical primates (Alouatta seniculus, Ateles hybridus and Cebus versicolor) in a fragmented forest in Colombia

Studies on parasites infecting non-human primates are essential to better understand the potential threat to humans of zoonoses transmission, particularly under the current processes of pervasive land use change and biodiversity loss. The natural ecosystems in the Middle Magdalena river basin in Colombia have suffered a dramatic reduction and transformation into pastures and agroindustrial monocultures, threatening their biodiversity, and probably affecting the dynamics between parasites and their hosts, as well as altering the disease transmission cycles between wild populations and humans. This study evaluated seasonality, prevalence and richness of intestinal parasites in three species of neotropical primates: Cebus versicolor, Ateles hybridus and Alouatta seniculus, in a fragmented forest in the Middle Magdalena river valley, Colombia. One hundred and eighty five faecal samples were collected between 2010 and 2015. Direct faecal smears were performed with saline solution (0.85%) and iodine solution (1%), in order to identify larvae and eggs based on their morphology. A large proportion of the samples examined (72.9%) was positive for intestinal parasites; seven families of nematodes were identified: Trichuridae, Trichostrongylidae, Oxyuridae, Strongyloididae, Ancylostomatidae, Ascarididae and Gnathostomatidae, two of protozoans: Entamoebidae and Balantiididae, as well as some eggs of trematodes, cestodes and acanthocephalans. Additionally, DNA extraction and sequencing were conducted on 30 faecal samples in order to identify Giardia sp. and Blastocystis hominis, two parasite species also present in humans. Molecular testing for Giardia sp. was negative and Blastocystis hominis was identified in a single sample of Alouatta seniculus. No clear patterns were observed for prevalence of intestinal parasites according to the season; nonetheless, parasite species richness was higher during the dry season. This study builds on our current understanding of intestinal parasites infecting wild neotropical primates and provides novel information on the patterns of intestinal parasites in primate communities exposed to anthropogenic disturbance

Primates in Peril: The world's 25 most endangered primates 2008-2010

Introduction Here we report on the fifth iteration of the biennial listing of a consensus of 25 primate species considered to be amongst the most endangered worldwide and the most in need of urgent conservation measures. The first was drawn up in 2000 by the IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group, together with Conservation International (Mittermeier et al. 2000). The list was subsequently reviewed and updated in 2002 during an open meeting held during the 19th Congress of the International Primatological Society (IPS) in Beijing, China (Mittermeier et al. 2002). That occasion provided for debate among primatologists working in the field who had first-hand knowledge of the causes of threats to primates, both in general and in particular with the species or communities they study. The meeting and the review of the list of the World’s 25 Most Endangered Primates resulted in its official endorsement by the IPS, and became as such a combined endeavor of the Primate Specialist Group, the IPS, and Conservation International. A third revision was carried out at a meeting in August 2004, at the 20th Congress of the IPS in Torino, Italy (Mittermeier et al. 2006). The fourth, covering the biennium 2006–2008, was the result of a meeting held during the 21st Congress of the International Primatological Society (IPS), in Entebbe, Uganda, 26–30 June 2006 (Mittermeier et al. 2007)

Primates in peril: The world's 25 most endangered primates, 2006-2008

From first paragraph: Here we report on the fourth iteration of the biennial listing of a consensus of 25 primate species considered to be amongst the most endangered worldwide and the most in need of urgent conservation measures. The first was drawn up in 2000 by the IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group, together with Conservation International (Mittermeier et al. 2000). The list was subsequently reviewed and updated in 2002 during an open meeting held during the 19th Congress of the International Primatological Society (IPS) in Beijing, China (Mittermeier et al. 2002). That occasion provided for debate among primatologists working in the field who had first-hand knowledge of the causes of threats to primates, both in general and in particular with the species or communities they study

Primates in peril: The world's 25 most endangered primates, 2006-2008

From first paragraph: Here we report on the fourth iteration of the biennial listing of a consensus of 25 primate species considered to be amongst the most endangered worldwide and the most in need of urgent conservation measures. The first was drawn up in 2000 by the IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group, together with Conservation International (Mittermeier et al. 2000). The list was subsequently reviewed and updated in 2002 during an open meeting held during the 19th Congress of the International Primatological Society (IPS) in Beijing, China (Mittermeier et al. 2002). That occasion provided for debate among primatologists working in the field who had first-hand knowledge of the causes of threats to primates, both in general and in particular with the species or communities they study

Incidencia de las listas rojas en la gestión para la conservación de las especies amenazadas a escalas global y nacional (Colombia)

Las listas rojas de especies amenazadas elaboradas a partir de los criterios y la metodología de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN), son documentos con alcances más allá de la definición del riesgo a la extinción que enfrentan las especies de fauna y flora silvestre. La presente investigación evaluó su incidencia en la gestión para la conservación de las especies amenazadas, tanto a escala global como nacional. En la escala global (Artículo 1), se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de información que aportó evidencias sobre los principales usos y aplicaciones en diferentes actividades de conservación. En la escala nacional (Artículo 2), en los usos dados a estos documentos por los actores encargados de la gestión de las especies amenazadas y de las acciones implementadas para la conservación de un grupo priorizado de especies de fauna silvestre en estado crítico de amenaza en Colombia. Los análisis muestran que, en la escala global, estos documentos tienen un uso principal en el monitoreo de las tendencias del riesgo de extinción de las especies, en el análisis del impacto que generan en estas especies determinadas amenazas y en el seguimiento a la efectividad de acciones de conservación. En la escala nacional, su uso es mayor en la formulación de políticas, normas e instrumentos, así como en la planificación de intervenciones con impacto ambiental. Además, han desencadenado acciones, principalmente en investigación y conservación en áreas protegidas, para las especies de anfibios, reptiles, aves y mamíferos en estado crítico de amenaza.The red lists of threatened species based on criteria and the methodology of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) are documents that contained important information beyond the definition of risk to extinction faced by wildlife. This research evaluated the incidence that these documents have had on different conservation activities implemented for the management of endangered species at global and national levels. At the global level (Article 1), the incidence was identified based on a systematic review of information that exhibited evidences about their principal uses in different conservation activities. At the national level (Article 2), the analyses were based on the use of these documents by different stakeholders in charge of endangered species conservation and the actions directed for the conservation of a selected group of critically endangered species of amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, in Colombia. The analyses showed that at the global scale, these documents have been used mainly in monitoring the tendencies of risk extinction, in the understanding of the effect that specific threats have on species and the following up of the efficiency of conservation efforts. The national level, exhibited a higher use for the formulation of policies, laws and instruments; as well as the planning of interventions that have an impact on the environment. The red lists have stimulated actions for the conservation of critically endangered species of amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, principally in research and their conservation in protected areas.Magíster en Conservación y Uso de la BiodiversidadMaestrí

Incidencia de las listas rojas en la gestión para la conservación de las especies amenazadas a escalas global y nacional (Colombia)

Las listas rojas de especies amenazadas elaboradas a partir de los criterios y la metodología de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN), son documentos con alcances más allá de la definición del riesgo a la extinción que enfrentan las especies de fauna y flora silvestre. La presente investigación evaluó su incidencia en la gestión para la conservación de las especies amenazadas, tanto a escala global como nacional. En la escala global (Artículo 1), se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de información que aportó evidencias sobre los principales usos y aplicaciones en diferentes actividades de conservación. En la escala nacional (Artículo 2), en los usos dados a estos documentos por los actores encargados de la gestión de las especies amenazadas y de las acciones implementadas para la conservación de un grupo priorizado de especies de fauna silvestre en estado crítico de amenaza en Colombia. Los análisis muestran que, en la escala global, estos documentos tienen un uso principal en el monitoreo de las tendencias del riesgo de extinción de las especies, en el análisis del impacto que generan en estas especies determinadas amenazas y en el seguimiento a la efectividad de acciones de conservación. En la escala nacional, su uso es mayor en la formulación de políticas, normas e instrumentos, así como en la planificación de intervenciones con impacto ambiental. Además, han desencadenado acciones, principalmente en investigación y conservación en áreas protegidas, para las especies de anfibios, reptiles, aves y mamíferos en estado crítico de amenaza.The red lists of threatened species based on criteria and the methodology of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) are documents that contained important information beyond the definition of risk to extinction faced by wildlife. This research evaluated the incidence that these documents have had on different conservation activities implemented for the management of endangered species at global and national levels. At the global level (Article 1), the incidence was identified based on a systematic review of information that exhibited evidences about their principal uses in different conservation activities. At the national level (Article 2), the analyses were based on the use of these documents by different stakeholders in charge of endangered species conservation and the actions directed for the conservation of a selected group of critically endangered species of amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, in Colombia. The analyses showed that at the global scale, these documents have been used mainly in monitoring the tendencies of risk extinction, in the understanding of the effect that specific threats have on species and the following up of the efficiency of conservation efforts. The national level, exhibited a higher use for the formulation of policies, laws and instruments; as well as the planning of interventions that have an impact on the environment. The red lists have stimulated actions for the conservation of critically endangered species of amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, principally in research and their conservation in protected areas.Magíster en Conservación y Uso de la BiodiversidadMaestrí

Saving Bones: a direct comparison of FTIR-ATR, whole bone percent nitrogen, and NIR

89th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Physical-Anthropologists (AAPA), Los Angeles, CA, APR 15-18, 202